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As time goes by, the jawbone associated with
missing teeth is reabsorbed. This usually means that there is poor
quality and quantity of bone suitable for placement of
dental implants.
We are now able to insert bone where needed. This gives us the
opportunity to place implants.
There
are two procedures:
a.
one-stage procedure= we implant and graft at the same time
b.
two-stage procedure=we graft first and then, implant in another
session,
In
almost 60% of implants, bone grafting is necessary at the same time or
before the implant. When there are greater damages we will opt for
having a two-stage procedure. Better aesthetics results will be
achieved.
Until
now, the best results in bone grafting have been achieved with bone
taken out from the own body, sometimes in combination with other
materials.
There are
several areas of the body which are suitable for attaining bone
grafts:
In the
maxillofacial region, bone grafts can be taken from inside the mouth,
in the area of the
chin
or
third molar region
or in the upper jaw behind the last tooth.
In more
extensive situations, a greater quantity of bone can be attained from
the elbow
or the outer aspect of the
tibia at the
knee.
Depending
on the quantity of bone involved, the implant will be carried out in
four to eight months. If bone has been taken from the own body, we
will generally insert the implant after four months .
Some of
the special methods in bone grafting are:
-Sinus
lift procedure
-Bone
spreading
-Application of synthetic bone alloplast.
In bone
grafting we have the following materials available:
a.
Autogenous bone= material taken out from our own body such as the
chin or the knee
b.
Heterologous=material taken out from other species (for instance
Bio-Oss)
c.
Synthetic bone alloplast= a prosthesis made synthetically.
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